The structure of a commercially important glass-ceramic ZrO₂-doped lithium aluminosilicate system during its initial nucleation stage was investigated by an X-ray multiscale analysis which enables us to observe the structure from the atomic to the nanometer scale by using diffraction, small-angle scattering, absorption, and anomalous scattering techniques. The combinatorial approach revealed that the formation of edge sharing between the ZrO_x polyhedra and (Si/Al)O₄ tetrahedra, and that the Zr-centric periodic structure in which the local structure of the Zr⁴⁺ ions resembled a cubic or tetragonal ZrO₂ crystalline phase was potentially the initial crystal nucleus for the Zr-doped lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic.

Schematic diagrams of GORoM adhesive and osteoporotic fractures treatment. A The process of OVX rat model establishment and GORoM adhesive implantation. B Osteoporotic fracture healing was mediated by the osteogenesis promotion and osteoclast inhibition.

This research is emphasized particularly on cathodes (such as carbon, metal oxides, MXenes, and redox-active polymers), anodes (such as Zn-based composite materials and Zn-free materials), electrolytes (organic/ionic liquid electrolytes, WiSs, redox electrolytes, polymer or solid electrolytes) as well as the design of a novel device for ZHSCs.

We demonstrate the magnetic-field induced reversal of antiferromagnetic spins and the electric field modulation of the switching field. The modulation efficiency is significantly high, greater than 4 T nm/V, and this giant modulation efficiency is attributed to the magnetoelectric effect of the antiferromagnetic Cr₂O₃. The magnetoelectric (ME) based mechanism provides a scheme for the energy-efficient, nonvolatile, deterministic 180° switching of the magnetic state in the pure antiferromagnetic (AFM) component. This study represents a great advancement in the AFM-based ME random access memory with ultralow writing power, an inherently fast switching speed and superior robustness to the magnetic state.

Bayesian optimization improved the thermoelectric properties of InGaAsSb thin films; this domain warrants comprehensive investigation due to the need to simultaneously control multiple parameters, such as, the composition, dopant concentration, and film-deposition temperatures. After six optimization cycles, the dimensionless figure of merit exhibited an approximately threefold improvement compared to its values obtained in the random initial experimental trials. These findings not only promote the development of thermoelectric devices based on III–V semiconductors but also highlight the effectiveness of using Bayesian optimization for multicomponent materials.

The energy loss mechanism due to magnetostriction was clarified by analytical formulation considering the viscosity of magnetic materials. Effects of magnetostriction have been focused on contributions to magnetic anisotropy. However, our formulation shows that the magnetic anisotropy due to magnetostriction cannot explain excess losses in nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials, and the viscosity causes resistance forces acting on domain wall motions. This viscous resistance dissipates the magnetic energy and generates the energy loss, which has the same frequency dependence as anomalous eddy current loss. The results of this research provide new design criteria for ultra-efficient soft magnetic materials.

A novel magnetic anisotropic hydrogel (MAH) with magnetic and topographic anisotropy was designed by combining static magnetic field-induced magnetic nanomaterials and a hydrogel. The duel anisotropic hydrogel promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through upregulating SNHG5 and downstream SIRT6, which modulated the level of NOTCH1/2 by antagonizing DNMT1 protein stability.

Despite years of exploration, numerous challenges remain unresolved in the field of hydrogels and hydrogel membranes for bone repair. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles and current development status of hydrogel materials for bone repair, including their mechanisms, formation principles, and medical benefits in bone regeneration. Additionally, we summarize recent effective strategies to develop advanced hydrogels and technical approaches for bone repair while also discussing future directions.